Radiological Protection of People and the Environment in the Event of a Large Nuclear Accident


Draft document: Radiological Protection of People and the Environment in the Event of a Large Nuclear Accident
Submitted by Kosaku Yamada, an‚b‚‰‚”‚‰‚š‚…‚Ž@‚‚Ž‚„@‚r‚ƒi‚…‚Ž‚”‚‰‚“‚”‚“@D‚…‚‚‚Ž‚„‚‰‚Ž‚‡@S‚”‚‚Ž‚„‚‚’‚„s@that P‚’‚‚”‚…‚
Commenting on behalf of the organisation

[English Comment]
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In this public comment, we raise two principal questions about the production of this revision of ICRP Publications 109 and 111. First of all, the “public” in this instance refers to a very limited set of people. Only the briefest Japanese translations of the preliminary section of the document were provided, making it difficult for those who do not understand English to participate in the commenting process. Thus, it cannot be said that the ICRP is genuinely engaged in gathering “public comments” for this draft. The very structure of this process is discriminatory.

Secondly, the ICRP members involved in producing this Draft are the same as those implement Japanese Government policy as members of the Radiation Council of the Japanese Government. The people who make standards should not be the same as those who implement them. The parties charged with setting ICRP standards should do so by examining a range of studies and considering various viewpoints. Those parties responsible for setting the standards of the Japanese Government should also base themselves on various studies and viewpoints. If these parties are in fact the same, however, there is conflict of interest, and we can only conclude that the “consultation” was launched with the conclusion foregone.

Both the ICRP and the Japanese Government ignore the recommendations of the IPPNW ( https://peaceandhealthblog.com/2013/06/05/fukushima-disaster/
https://peaceandhealthblog.com/2019/08/26/radiation-exposure/ )
and the “Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health,” which was submitted to United Nation Human Right Council by Special Rapporteur Anand Grover.ihttps://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/RegularSession/Session23/A-HRC-23-41-Add3_en.pdfj

(1) Problems presented by the ICRP 2007 Recommendations
The current standard applied by the Japanese Government in determining whether residents can return to contaminated areas is 20mSv per year, based on the recommendation of ICRP 2007. In March 2011, however, this ICRP 2007 recommendation had not yet been adopted as Japanese law. The standard of 20mSv was slipped in during the chaotic conditions following the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Disaster. We believe that the ICRP 2007 recommendations were based on the experience of the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster with the intent to reduce the number of refugees and accordingly, to limit the burden of compensation payment on the part of the Japanese Government and operator Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO).

The Basic Policy Committee of the Radiation Council of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology held 20 meetings between March 13, 2009 and January 12, 2011 in order to discuss official revision of Japanese law according to the recommendation(s)? of ICRP 2007. TEPCO itself consistently had representation on this committee. In other words, parties dedicated to promoting nuclear power were part of deliberations to set standards for radiological protection. We believe this entails conflict of interest.

In its second interim report, this committee proposed the following on “reference levels for public radiological exposure during an emergency”:

iProposal of the Basic Policy Committee of the Radiation Councilj
With regard to reference levels for the public in an emergency, we deem that the dose proposed by the ICRP (20-100mSv) is an appropriate index for formulating comprehensive strategy as to whether emergency protection measures need to be adopted or not, in optimizing protection, and determining the need for further protection measures. Accordingly, Japan should consider this index in establishing plans for protection activity. Standards pertaining to particular protection measures proposed to date in our country (sheltering in place, evacuation, the administration of potassium iodide) can continue to be deemed applicable in making initial determinations as to whether emergency protection measures in emergency should be taken or not.

We can see from the above that even before the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, the Basic Policy Committee of the Radiation Council had made concrete proposals about the application of public reference levels provided by ICRP 2007. Even though the recommendations of ICRP 2007 were not reflected in Japanese laws and regulations at the time, this reference level was applied immediately after the TEPCO Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Disaster.

The introduction of the 20mSv per year standard prompted strong objections. On April 29, 2011, a special advisor to the cabinet who was a professor of Tokyo University and a member of the Basic Policy Committee of the Radiation Council stated, “The application of this standard to infants, young children, and elementary school students is something I find difficult to accept not only from an academic point of view but from the point of view of my own humanity. I am resigning my post as special advisor to the cabinet.” This demonstrates how inappropriate the application of 20mSv was felt to be. And, to begin with, the introduction of ICRP 2007 was a violation of Japanese law.

i‚QjHistorical problems presented by the ICRP
According to the official website, the ICRP is “An independent, international organisation that advances for the public benefit the science of radiological protection, in particular by providing recommendations and guidance on all aspects of protection against ionizing radiation.” It is, moreover, “A charity (not-for-profit organisation) registered with the Charity Commission of England and Wales (registration number 1166304).” Can the ICRP really be construed as a charity organization intended to advance the public benefit?

The ICRP started as IXPRC (International X-Ray and Radium Protection Committee), established in 1928. In 1950, the first meeting of the ICRP took place. L.@S.@Taylor, chairperson of the NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements of the United States) led the effort to get the organization off the ground.@The NCRP was established in 1946. Many members, such as Stafford Warren, were scientists who had participated in the Manhattan Project that developed the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs as specialists on the human impact of radiation exposure. Once the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was established as a successor to the Manhattan Project, its Biological Medical Division was headed by Shields Warren. Warren became a member of Sub-Committee I member of the ICRP in 1950. We consider this background, we can see the influence of U.S. nuclear strategy in the establishment of the ICRP.
This is the kind of organization whose standards, deemed international, are being applied to the children of Fukushima Prefecture. The ICRP 1990 recommendation of 1mSv per year for the general public is reflected in Japanese law, but after the Fukushima disaster, 20 times this level has been declared as applicable not only during “emergency periods” but permanently, to unborn babies, infants, and children.

i‚RjProblems with the Draft Update of ICRP 2007
This draft looks like a slight modification of ICRP 2007. While it appears to suggest a reduction in reference level from 20mSv to 10mSv, we understand from Figure2.3 that 10mSv represents the median of the distribution curve, not an exposure level that should not be exceeded. Thus, this proposal risks imposing tolerance of higher levels than at present. It imposes such acceptance on people who derive no benefit from radiation exposure.

(201) Specific monitoring programmes for the thyroid may be useful to detect severe thyroid disorders as early as possible. However, such monitoring should be organized ensuring that benefit outweighs harm at the population level (Togawa, 2018). In this regard, a long-term thyroid health monitoring programme should only be conducted for those individuals exposed in utero or during childhood or adolescence with 100-500 mGy absorbed dose to the thyroid.

Was this passage included in the draft in order to reduce the scope of the thyroid monitoring? Could it be that it was intended to provide justification to the authorities for reducing the targets of the thyroid survey? We, on the other hand, believe that thyroid monitoring should be expanded, that it should be ongoing, and that it should become a comprehensive examination.

This revised document will effectively provide standards for people living all over the world.
1. It anticipates that disasters on the scale of Chernobyl and Fukushima will recur on a worldwide scale.
2. It anticipates that the “usable nuclear weapons” promoted by U. S. President Donald J. Trump and others will result in nuclear war.
3. It anticipates a situation in which, should there be a nuclear attack on a nuclear power plant or a weapons facility, the nightmares predictable in (1) and (2) will compound each other.

The reference levels are revised to address such emergencies, and therefore are extremely dangerous. Needless to say, Hiroshima and Nagasaki show there is no such thing as a “usable nuclear weapon” that causes no exposure. Insofar as the ICRP reference levels assume the occurrence of nuclear war and nuclear disaster, they rationalize the abandonment of the victims.

The ICRP concept of ‚`‚k‚`R‚`iAs Low As Reasonably Achievablej refers to holding radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable, considering social and economical factors. From what standpoint are the social and economic factors being considered? And who is the standard of judgement for what is “reasonably achievable”? This is a rationality that excludes those who are most sensitive to the effects of exposure, especially the unborn, infants, and children. As the circumstances surrounding the nuclear industry changed, the ICRP shifted from the ALARA principle and trotted out a string of concepts, such as “justification,” “optimization,” “reference levels,” “stake holders,” and “co-expertise,” habituating the public to living in contaminated areas following accidents and creating a situation in which they feel they have no choice but to adopt such an existence. Stake holders evidently refer to parties that the ICRP envisions as having relevant interests, not people who many have fled the sites of disaster.

These are concepts created by the nuclear industry for the nuclear industry, not concepts produced by the general public for the sake of the public.

The Preamble to the Japanese Constitution states, “We recognize that all peoples of the world have the right to live in peace, free from fear and want” (http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=174). “The right to live in peace” was proclaimed in the Japanese Constitution. And the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Articles 3, 6, 8, 13 state the following:

Article 3@
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
Article 6@
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.@
Article 8@
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
Article 13@
Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Those who experienced the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster were robbed of “the right to live in peace, free from fear and want.” Those who fled from the contaminated areas were driven out from refugee housing instead of receiving compensation and support “to live in peace, free from fear and want”. “The right to life, liberty and security of person” has been violated, “the right to an effective remedy” has been threatened, and “the right to freedom of movement and residence” robbed. It is a violation of the Japanese Constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Right to apply the ICRP’s nuclear- industry oriented standards to the public.

As Professor Yasuo Nakagawa, a specialist on the health effects of radiation exposure states, “The ICRP imposes radiation exposure on the people and delivers economic@and political benefits to the nuclear industry and the ruling class.” This is from his book, Expanded Edition A History of Radiation Exposure: From the Development of the Atomic Bombs by the US to the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Disaster (Akashi-Shorten, 2011). Far from being a charitable organization working to benefit the public, the ICRP appears to be an organization seeking to permanently impose the standard of 10mSv per year on the public in order to promote nuclear power.

On March 19, 2018, Akiko Morimatsu, who evacuated from Fukushima with her two children, made the following speech at the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC):

“My name is Akiko Morimatsu. I am here with other evacuees and mothers, together with Greenpeace. I evacuated from the Fukushima disaster with my two children in May 2011. Shortly after the nuclear accident, radiation contamination spread. We were repeatedly and unnecessarily exposed to unannounced radiation.
“The air, water and soil became severely contaminated. I had no choice but to drink the contaminated water, to breast-feed my baby. To enjoy health, free from radiation exposure, is a fundamental principle. The Japanese Constitution states, ‘We recognize that all peoples of the world have the right to live in peace, free from fear and want.’
“However, the Japanese government has implemented almost no policies to protect its citizens. Furthermore, the government is focusing on a policy to force people to return to highly contaminated areas.
“I call on the Japanese government to immediately, fully adopt and implement the recommendations of the UN Human Rights Council. I thank UN member states for defending the rights of residents in Japan. Please help us protect people in Fukushima, and in East Japan, especially vulnerable children, from further radiation exposure.”
(webtv.un.org/watch/japan-upr-report-consideration-41st-meeting-37th-regular-session-human-rights-council/5753738285001/#player)
This refugee’s words must be heard. From a human right’s standpoint emphasizing protection of health and life, we cannot accept the legitimation of increased radiation exposure due to an emergency. People should evacuate as soon as possible from a contaminated place. Establishing new standards compelling people to stay in contaminated areas violates human rights. People should not, cannot stay in a place that endangers life and health.

The rights of refugees must be taken seriously, and their lives should be supported economically. If the existence of nuclear power is incompatible with these principles, it should not be allowed.

We demand that the ICRP not relax the standard of 1mSv per year for the general public. For the public to be exposed to any level in excess of 1mSv per year is currently illegal in Japan, and 1mSv per year can still harm the human body. We demand that the ICRP take seriously the differences in individual sensitivity to exposure as well as the special sensitivity of pregnant women, infants, and children, as well as the highly significant role of internal exposure.
(English translation assisted by Norma Field)

 

[Japanese Comment]

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•úŽËü‰e‹¿Žj‚ªê–å‚Ì’†ì•Û—Y‚Íw‘•â@•úŽËü”픘‚Ì—ðŽjFƒAƒƒŠƒJŒ´”šŠJ”­‚©‚ç•Ÿ“‡Œ´”­Ž–ŒÌ‚Ü‚Åxi–¾Î‘“XA2011”Nj‚Ì’†‚ÅuICRP‚Ƃ̓qƒoƒN‚Íl–¯‚ɉŸ‚µ‚‚¯AŒoÏ“IE­Ž¡“I—˜‰v‚ÍŒ´Žq—ÍŽY‹Æ‚ÆŽx”z‘w‚É‚à‚½‚ç‚·‘ۈψõ‰ï‚Å‚ ‚év‚Æq‚ׂĂ¢‚é‚悤‚ÉAŒöO‚Ì—˜‰v‚Ì‚½‚߂̃`ƒƒƒŠƒeƒB’c‘Ì‚Ç‚±‚ë‚©AŒ´”­Ž–ŒÌ‚ª‹N‚±‚낤‚Æ‚àAˆê”ÊŒöO‚ð”NŠÔ10ƒ~ƒŠƒV[ƒxƒ‹ƒg‚̊ɉi‘±“I‚ɉŸ‚µž‚ÝAŒ´”­‚ð„i‚·‚邽‚߂̊ð’ñ‹Ÿ‚·‚é’c‘ÌA‚Æ‚¢‚¦‚é‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚Å‚µ‚傤‚©B
‚Q‚O‚P‚W”N‚RŒŽ‚P‚X“úAlŒ —Ž–‰ï‚É‚ÄA“ñl‚ÌŽq‚Ç‚à‚ð˜A‚ê‚Ä‚Ì”ð“ïŽÒ‚Å‚ ‚éX¼–¾ŠóŽqŽ‚Íu‚킽‚µ‚½‚¿‚É‚ÍAî•ñ‚Í’m‚炳‚ꂸA–³—p‚È”í‚΂­‚ðd‚Ë‚Ü‚µ‚½B‹ó‹CA…A“y낪‚Ђǂ­‰˜õ‚³‚ê‚é’†A‚킽‚µ‚ÍA‰˜õ‚µ‚½…‚ðˆù‚Þ‚µ‚©‚È‚­AÔ‚ñ–V‚É•ê“û‚ð—^‚¦‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¢‚Ü‚µ‚½B•úŽË”\‚©‚瓦‚êAŒ’N‚ð‹Žó‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ÍŠî–{“IŒ´‘¥‚Å‚·B“ú–{‚ÌŒ›–@‚Íu‘S¢ŠE‚Ì‘–¯‚ª‚ЂƂµ‚­‹°•|‚ÆŒ‡–R‚©‚瓦‚ꕽ˜a‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚ɶ‘¶‚·‚錠—˜v‚Æ‘‚©‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·B‚µ‚©‚µA“ú–{­•{‚ÍŽs–¯‚ð‚Ü‚à‚邽‚ß‚ÌŽ{ô‚ÍA‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚ÇŽÀŽ{‚µ‚Ä‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñ‚Å‚µ‚½B‚»‚ÌãA“ú–{­•{‚Í•úŽËü—Ê‚Ì‚‚¢’nˆæ‚Ö‚Ì‹AŠÒ­ô‚ɂ΂©‚è—Í‚ð’‚¢‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·iƒOƒŠƒ“ƒs[ƒX–ójv‚Æq‚×A“ú–{­•{‚ɑ΂µ‚Ä‘˜AlŒ —Ž–‰ï‚ÌŠ©‚ðAu’¼‚¿‚ÉAŠ®‘S‚Ɏ󂯓ü‚êAŽÀŽ{v‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð‹‚ß‚Ä‚¢‚Ü‚·B‚±‚¤‚µ‚½”ð“ïŽÒ‚̺‚±‚»AdŽ‹‚µ‚È‚¯‚ê‚΂¢‚¯‚Ü‚¹‚ñB
Ž„‚½‚¿‚ÍlŠÔ‚̶–½¥Œ’N‚ðŒì‚é‚Æ‚¢‚¤lŒ ‚Ì—§ê‚©‚çl‚¦‚é‚Æ‹Ù‹}Žž‚¾‚©‚ç‚ÆŒ¾‚¤——R‚Å‚æ‚葽‚­‚Ì”í‚΂­‚ð‹–—e‚Å‚«‚é‚Æ‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í‚Å‚«‚È‚¢‚Æl‚¦‚Ü‚·B¶–½¥Œ’N‚Ɋ댯‚ª‹y‚Ô‚Ì‚Å‚ ‚ê‚ÎA‚»‚Ìê‚É—¯‚Ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚½‚褂܂µ‚Ä‹Z‚µ‚½‚è‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Í‚Å‚«‚Ü‚¹‚ñB‚Å‚«‚éŒÀ‚葬‚â‚©‚É”ð“ï‚·‚ׂ«‚Å‚ ‚èAV‚½‚ȊðÝ‚¯‚Ä‘ØÝ‚ð”F‚߂邱‚Æ‚ÍlŒ ‚É”½‚·‚邱‚Æ‚Å‚·B”ð“ï‚ÌŒ —˜‚ð”F‚ߤŒoÏ“I‚É‚à”ð“ïŽÒ‚̶Šˆ‚ð•Ûá‚·‚ׂ«‚Å‚·B‚à‚µ‰¼‚É”ð“ŽÐ‰ï“I‚É•Ûá‚Å‚«‚È‚¢‚È‚ç‚Δð“ï‚ð•K—v‚Æ‚·‚錴”­“™‚ÌŠjŽ{Ý‚Ì‘¶Ý‚ð‹–‚µ‚Ä‚Í‚È‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñBŽ„‚½‚¿‚͊ðŠÉ‚߂邱‚Æ‚Í‹–‚µ‚Ü‚¹‚ñB“ú–{‚Ì”í‚΂­Šî€”NŠÔ‚P‚‚r‚–‚Å‚³‚¦Œˆ‚µ‚ĈÀ‘S‚Å‚Í‚ ‚è‚Ü‚¹‚ñB‚Þ‚µ‚ëA“à•””픘‚ðdŽ‹‚µAŠ´Žó«‚Ì‚‚­A[‚ȉe‹¿‚ð‹y‚Ú‚·”D•wA‘ÙŽ™A—cŽ™A‚»‚µ‚ÄŽq‚Ç‚à‚½‚¿‚ð’†S‚Él‚¦‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚·B


Final List of Co-signed Individuals and Organisations
‹¤“¯ƒpƒuƒRƒŽ^“¯ŽÒ@Co-signed Individuals
ã—¢ŒbŽq (Agari Keiko) L“‡Œ§“ŒL“‡Žs
ˆ¢•”@Ž¡iABE Osamuj —§‹³‘åŠw‹³ŽöiProfessor of Rikkyo Universityj
ˆ¢•”‘×GiABE Yasuhiroj•Ÿ“‡Žs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
ˆ¢•”¬DiABE Saori )@ ‹ž“sŽs @Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
r–Ø”ü’mŽq@(Araki Michiko) ‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
ŒÜ\—’@i (Igarashi Susumu)@•Ÿ“‡Œ§Šì‘½•ûŽs
ŒÜ\—’‰pŽq (Igarashi Hideko)@•Ÿ“‡Œ§Šì‘½•ûŽs
’r‘º“Þ’ÃŽq@(Ikemura Natsuko) ‹ž“sŽs@Žg‚¢ŽÌ‚ÄŽž‘ã‚ðl‚¦‚é‰ï
Γc—SŽOiISHIDA Yuzoj@“ú–{Ž©‘R•ÛŒì‹¦‰ïiNACS-JjE“Œ‹ž˜A—‰ï‰ïˆõ
ΔòKŽq@(Ishitobi Yukiko) ‹ž“sŽs
“ü]‹I•v@(Irie Norio) “Þ—ÇŽs@“Þ—ÇEŽs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
Šâ–{@ŒM@(Iwamoto Isao) “Þ—ÇŽs¤@‘åãŽY‹Æ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žö
ã–ì@‰v“¿@iUENO,Yoshinori)@‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
“à海‹Å•v@iUtsumi@Akioj‹ž“sŽs¶‹ž‹æ@@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
‚¤‚Ì‚³‚¦‚± iUno Saekoj ‹ž“s•{‹ž“c•ÓŽs@Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
‰““¡‡Žq(Endo Junko)@ˆãŽtAÂXŽs
‘å‘qO”V@(Okura Hiroyuki) i‹ž“sH‹Æ‘@ˆÛ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žöj
‘å’Ë—vŽ¡(OHTSUKA,Yoji)@‰¡•lŽsiŽs–¯‚Æ–ì“}‚Ì‹¤“¬‚ð‚·‚·‚ß‚é`–k‚̉ïj
‘å“cK¢@(Ohta Yukiyo)@@•úŽË”\‚©‚çŽq‚Ç‚à‚½‚¿‚ðŽç‚é–‡•û‚̉ï
‘匩ï‹iOHMI, Tetsuo) @‹ž“sŽs•šŒ©‹æ
‘åŽROˆêiOHYAMA,kohitij@“ì‘Š”nŽs‹c
‘å˜a“cKŽkiOwada, Koji)@•ºŒÉŒ§ˆ°‰®Žs
‰œXË—z@(OKUMORI,Yoshiharuj@‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
—Ž‡ËêŸ@(Otiai Yoshitaka)@‹ž“sŽs@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
Eiichiro Ochiai@Vancouver, Canada
‰ª“crŽq (Okada Toshiko) ’E”í‚΂­ŽÀŒ»ƒlƒbƒg
¬“cØ–L@iODAGIRI,Yutaka) ÂXŒ§•½ìŽs
¬’£@²ŒbŽq@(Obari Saeko) •Ÿ“‡‰ž‰‡ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒgˆïé
Š_“à—æŽq iKakiuti Reikoj•úŽË”\‚©‚çŽq‚Ç‚à‚ðŽç‚é‰ïEˆï–Ø
Š`Œ´@‘×iYasushi@KAKIHARAj i“Œ‹žŠC—m‘åŠwy‹³Žöj
Šì@‚䂤@(Yu Kajikawa) ƒxƒ‹ƒŠƒ“‚ÉÝZ‚Ì“ú–{l‚É‚æ‚锽Œ´”­ƒOƒ‹[ƒvSayonara Nukes Berlin
‰Á“¡”üŒbŽqiKatou@Miekoj _“Þ쌧‘Š–ÍŒ´ŽsAŒ´”­ˆäŒË’[‰ï‹c
•Ð‰ª’¼Ž÷iKATAOKA, Naokij@“Œ‹ž“s]“Œ‹æ
ìú±ˆÀ–íŽq iKawasaki@Ayakoj ‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
‰Í–{ŒO iKomoto Kaoruj‹ž“sŽs@Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
–k–{½ˆê@iKitamoto Seiitij@·‰ªŽs@ŽO—¤‚ÌŠC‚ð•úŽË”\‚©‚çŽç‚éŠâŽè‚̉ï
‹à“c‘P—T@iKaneda Yoshihiroj“Œ‹ž“s]ŽsAì‰ÆiKomae A Writerj
‹àŠÛ@”Ž@(Kanemaru Hiroshi) ‹ž“sŽs@˜JДíÐŽÒ
ì‰zŒ[Žq@iKawagoe Keikoj@‘åã•{–‡•ûŽs
ŒF’J‚Ü‚«iKumagai, Makij@é‹ÊŒ§VÀŽs@‰f‰æ”z‹‹
‘ “cŒv¬@iKurata@Keiseij ƒSƒtƒ}ƒ“Œ¤‹†‰ïŠ‘®
‘q“c@ŒªiKurata Kenj _“Þ쌧‰¡•lŽs
‘q“cç’ߎqiKurata Chizukoj@_“Þ쌧‰¡•lŽs
•ìáÁˆêiKUROKAWA, Shinichi) ‚ƒGƒlƒ‹ƒM[‰Á‘¬ŠíŒ¤‹†‹@\–¼—_‹³Žö
•“cÑã (Kuroda Sizuyo)@‘åã•{“cŽs
¬o@—TÍ iHiroaki KOIDEjAŒ³‹ž“s‘åŠwŒ´Žq˜FŽÀŒ±Š•‹³, (Former Assistant Professor of Research Reactor Institute , Kyoto University)
ŒÃ‰êŽŽq@(Koga Utako) ‹ž“s•{’·‰ª‹žŽs@ƒkƒ”ƒF[ƒ‹ˆ¤“¿C“¹‰ï
¬—Ñ@—§—YiKobayashi Tatsuoj ‹{錧‘½‰êéŽs
¬—щëŽq (Kobayashi Masako) ‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
¬“Œ‚ä‚©‚è@iKohigashi Yukarij_ŒËŽs
ƒRƒŠƒ“EƒRƒoƒ„ƒViKolin Kobayashij “Æ—§ŒnƒWƒƒ[ƒiƒŠƒXƒgAƒpƒŠÝZ
¬—Ñ«•v@(Kobayashi Masao) ‹ž“s•{‹ž“c•ÓŽs
¬XŽŸ˜Y@iJiro Komorij’é‹ž•½¬‘åŠw y‹³ŽöA(Associate Professor, Teikyo Heisei University)
¬ŽR@Œ‰iKoyama Kiyoshij‘åã•{‚’ÎŽs@•úŽË”\Œ’f–¼‰^“®‘S‘ŽÀsˆÏˆõ‰ïEŽ––±‹Ç’·
¬ŽR•q•viKoyama Tosioj@‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
›Œ´²Šì—YiSUGAWARA,Sakioj ŠâŽèŒ§ˆêŠÖŽsThe Japan Scientists' Association
Ä“¡‚³‚¿‚±@(Saito Sachiko) ‘åãŽs “ì•Ÿè“y’nŠ”Ž®‰ïŽÐ ‘ª’莺
âV“¡—[ (Saito Yuka) ‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
Žðˆä ‹±Žq (Sakai Kyoko) •Ÿ“‡Œ§ ‰ï’ÎἎs
²“¡˜a—˜@iSato Kazutoshij‘åã•{‚’ÎŽs@‹ž“sŽs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
²“¡‹±ŽqiSATO, Kyoko)@ƒXƒ^ƒ“ƒtƒH[ƒh‘åŠw
²“¡—˜•v@iSatoh Toshioj ç—tŒ§KŽu–ìŽs
‘ò“cº“ñ@(Sawada Shoji) –¼ŒÃ‰®‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žö
²Œ´ŽáŽq@(Sawara Wakako) “ú–{Ž•‰ÈˆãŽt‰ï‰ïˆõ
“‡@–¾”ü@(Shima Akemi) •Ÿ“‡Œ§ˆÉ’BŽsAŒÂl”í‚΂­ü—ÊŒv—˜—p‚ÌŒŸØ‚ÆŽs–¯¶ŠˆŠÂ‹«‚ðl‚¦‚鋦‹c‰ï
”’ŠâFˆê@iShiraiwa Kouichij•Ÿ“‡Œ§‰ÍÀŒS“’쑺
™@Ÿ—˜@iSugi Katsutoshij‹ž“sŽsA”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
—é–ØŒ¦]@(Suzuki Kinue) Œ´”­”…ž‘i×E‹ž“sŒ´’c
{“c@–«@iSuda Minoruj—§–½ŠÙ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³ŽöA‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
£ì‰Ã”V@(SEGAWA, Yoshiyuki) i‚–ØŠwZj
@ì‹gŸŠ iSokawa Yoshihiroj“ú–{‰ÈŠwŽÒ‰ï‹ciThe Japan Scientists' Associationj
‹ž“sŽx•”‘ã•\Š²Ž–
‚–Ø‹v”üŽq (Takagi Kumiko) ‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
‘ê–{@Œ’ (Takimoto Takeshi) ‘åã•{“cŽs@
‚‹´•ŽOiTakahashi Takezoj•ºŒÉŒ§_ŒËŽs
‚‹´”ŽŽq (TAKAHASI Hiroko) –¼ŒÃ‰®Žs
‚Œ´N¶ (Takahara Yasuo)@“Þ—ÇŽs
“cŒûOŽq@(Taguchi Hiroko) ²‰êŒ§“‚’ÃŽsAŒºŠCŒ´”­ƒvƒ‹ƒT[ƒ}ƒ‹‚Æ‘SŠî‚ð‚Ý‚ñ‚È‚ÅŽ~‚ß‚éÙ”»‚̉ï‰ïˆõ
’|“೎O@(Takeuchi Shozo) ‹ž“sŽs“ì‹æ
“c‘ã^l@i‚sashiro Masatoj“È–ØŒ§“ß{’¬
\“Œ@ˆ¤@(DONG-AE SHIN)@–k‹ãBŽs—§‘åŠw‹³Žö
“c’†ˆê˜Y@(Tanaka Ichirou) “Œ‹ž“s
“c’†—`”OŽq@iTanaka Yonekoj‹ž“sŽs@¼‹žŒ´”­ƒ[ƒƒlƒbƒg
’|˜Q@ƒ@(Takenami Jun) ÂXŒ§O‘OŽs
“c•½³Žq@iTAHIRA@Masakoj‹ž“sŽs¶‹ž‹æ@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
’Ò–{@½@(Tujimoto Makoto)@“Þ—ÇŽs@“Þ—Ç¥Žs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
’Æ“c@™¡i TSUCHIDA,@Takashij‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
“y“c‚ ‚ä‚ÝiTSUCHIDA AYUMIjˆ¤’mŒ§’m‘½ŒSˆ¢‹v”ä’¬
“yˆä–­ŽqiDOI, Taekoj‹à‘ò‘åŠw@‹³ŽöiProfessor @Kanazawa Universityj
Žè’Ë”üŽqiTEDUKA YOSHIKOj ‘åã•{–‡•ûŽs
Ž›“c‚ ‚«‚±@(Terada Akiko) ‹ž“sŽs@‹ž“sŽs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
–L“c@Œì@iToyoda@Mamoruj‹ž“sŽs
’†{‰ê“¿siNAKASUKA Noriyukij –¼ŒÃ‰®Žs, Šò•Œ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³ŽöiGifu University, Prof. Emeritusj
’†àV樓ñ@(Nakazawa Joji) ‘åã•{‚’ÎŽs@‹ž“sŽs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
’·—ä@•à@iNAGAMINE@AYUMIj‹ž“sŽs¶‹ž‹æ@@‰îŒì•ŸŽƒŽm
V”üŽ¡ˆêiNIIMI JIICHIj@–¼ŒÃ‰®ŒoÏ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žö@ˆ¤’mŒ§’m‘½ŒSˆ¢‹v”ä’¬
V”ü³‘ãiNIIMI MASAYOj@Œ´”­‚È‚­‚»‚¤in‚ ‚®‚¢ŒÄ‚Ñ‚©‚¯l@ˆ¤’mŒ§’m‘½ŒSˆ¢‹v”ä’¬
¼@™B@iNishi Tutaej‹ž“sŽsŽR‰È‹æ
¼ì˜a’j@iNishikawa Kazuoj‹ž“sŽsã‹ž‹æ
¼èLŽq@(NISHIZAKI Nobuko) •Ÿ“‡‘åŠws­­ôŠw—Þ
¼–씎”ViNishino Hiroyukij‘åã•{–‡•ûŽs
ƒm[ƒ}EƒtƒB[ƒ‹ƒhiNorma FieldjƒVƒJƒS‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žö
–ìŒû@G@(Noguchi Hiroshi) Ž ‰êŒ§‘å’ÃŽs@Œ´”­‚ðl‚¦‚é”ú”iŒÎ‚̉ï
“o@´”ü@iNobori Kiyomij@‹ž“sŽs
–쑺Cg@(NOMURA Osami) HŠw”ŽŽm@ƒGƒlƒ‹ƒM[‰ÈŠw
”‹Œ´‚ä‚«‚Ý iHagiwara Yukimij‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
‹´–{Œb”ü@(Hashimoto Emi) •ºŒÉŒ§_ŒËŽs
’·’Jì¹D iHasegawa Saorij‹ž“sŽs Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
•ž•”—f@iHATTORI YOHj ‹ž“sŽs•šŒ©‹æ
‰HÎ@“Ö@(Haneishi Atsushi) ‘åãŽs
—Ñ ‰q@(HAYASHI Mamoru) •xŽRŽs
“Œ“c °OiHigashida Haruhiroj“Þ—ÇŽs
“ú–ììÃŽ}iHINOKAWA, Shizue) (‘ñB‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žöj
•½²Œö•q@(Hirasa Kimitoshi) Ž ‰êŒ§“Œ‹ß]Žs
[“c’¼ŽO@iFukada Naozoj‹ž“sŽsŽR‰È‹æ@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
•Ÿ“‡“ÖŽq@(Fukushima Atsuko) ‹ž“s•{‹ž“c•ÓŽs@Œ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’cA‘å”ÑŒ´”­·‚µŽ~‚ß‹ž“s‘i×’c
“¡‰ªˆèŽqiFujioka Ikuko) ‘åã•{Œð–ìŽs@”ü•l‚̉螺åã‚‹³‘g
“¡‰ª@‹BiFUJIOKA, Tsuyoshi) ‘åãŒoÏ–@‰È‘åŠw‹qˆõ‹³Žö
“¡“c•q—Y@(Fujita Toshio) ‘åã•{“Œ‘åãŽs
“¡–쌒³@(Fujino Takemasa) ç—tŒ§¼ŒËŽs u“ûŽ•‚ð•Û‘¶‚·‚éƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒg ‘ã•\
¯ì‚Ü‚èiMari Hoshikawaj—΂̓}ƒOƒŠ[ƒ“ƒYƒWƒƒƒpƒ“iGreens JapanjA’EŒ´”­‚Ì“úŽÀsˆÏˆõ‰ïiNuclear-free Japanj
–x]‚Ý‚ä‚«iHorie MiyukijŒ´”­”…ž‹ž“s‘i׌´’c
–{‘½•S‡iHONDA Yurikaj“Œ‹ž“s
‘“c‘PM@(Masuda Yoshinobu) u•‚¢‰Jv‚ÌŒ¤‹†ŽÒ
¼ˆä‰p‰îiMatsui EisukejAŠò•ŒŒ§ Gifu Prefecture, ˆãŽt Physician, Šò•ŒŠÂ‹«ˆãŠwŒ¤‹†Š@iGifu Research Institute for Environmental Medicinej“ûŽ••Û‘¶ƒlƒbƒgƒ[ƒN@iPreserving Deciduous Teeth Networkj
¼ˆä˜aŽq (Matsui Kazuko)AŠò•ŒŒ§@Gifu Prefecture, Œ³‹³ˆõ Teacher “ûŽ••Û‘¶ƒlƒbƒgƒ[ƒN@iPreserving Deciduous Teeth Networkj
¼“cŠ²—Y@(Matsuda Mikio) ‘åã•{–‡•ûŽs
¼ŽR—zŽq@(MATSUYAMA Yoko) ‹ž“sŽs
…ŒËŠì¢Žq@iMito Kiyokoj‘åã•{‚’ÎŽs
”ü”Z—R”ü@iMino Yumij “Þ—ÇŒ§¶‹îŽs
ŽOŽº@—E@(mimuro Isamu) ‹ž“sŽs@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
‹{Œû‚Ž} (Miyaguchi Takae) ’E”í‚΂­ŽÀŒ»ƒlƒbƒg@—ò‰»ƒEƒ‰ƒ“”pâ‚݂Ȃƃlƒbƒgƒ[ƒN
ŒüˆäçW@iMukai Chiakij‘åãŽs—„ì‹æEŒ´”­”…ž‘i׃Tƒ|[ƒ^[
–´“c‚¨‚肦iMUTA, OriejŠò•ŒŒ§ŽRŒ§ŽsAŠò•Œ‘åŠw–¼—_‹³Žö
‘ºã—R”üiMurakami, Yumi) (Finland Helsingfors ƒtƒBƒ“ƒ‰ƒ“ƒh@ƒwƒ‹ƒVƒ“ƒLŽsj
Žç“c•q–ç@(Morita Toshiya) ƒWƒƒ[ƒiƒŠƒXƒg
X¼–¾ŠóŽq@(AKIKO,Morimatsu) •Ÿ“‡Œ´”­Ž–ŒÌ‚É‚æ‚é‘“à”ð“ï–¯iIDP)“Œ“ú–{‘åkДð“ïŽÒ‚̉ï Thanks • DreamiƒTƒ“ƒhƒŠj‘ã•\
–莔n (Yagassaki Katsuma) ‚‚Ȃ²‚¤–½‚̉ï‰ï’·
–ö‰ºËˆê@iYanagishita Shoichij‘åã•{–‡•ûŽs@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
ŽRŒûƒTƒGŽqiYamaguchi Saekoj‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
ŽRè ³•FiYamazaki Masahikoj‘å”ÑŒ´”­·Ž~‚ß‹ž“s‘i׌´’cŽ––±‹ÇŽŸ’·
ŽR“cŒÜ\—é@(Yamada Isuzu) ‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
ŽR“ckì (YAMADA Kosaku)@‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs,‹ž“s‘åŠw–¼—_‹³ŽöA
ŽR“c°”ü@iYAMADA,Harumij‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs
ŽR–{‰p•F@(Yamamoto Hidehiko) ‘åã•{ˆï–ØŽs@ˆã—Öâ‘茤‹†‰ï
ŽR–{‚悵Žq@iYamamoto Yosikoj •úŽË”\‚©‚çŽq‚Ç‚à‚ðŽç‚é‰ïEˆï–Ø
—ÀŽæ—m•v (Yanatori Hiroo) ƒWƒƒ[ƒiƒŠƒXƒg
‹g“c–¾¶iYoshida Akioj‹ž“sŽsC‹ž“s’EŒ´”­Œ´’c
•ÄàVècŽu@(Yonezawa Tethushi) ‹ž“s•{‰FŽ¡Žs@”½í˜VlƒNƒ‰ƒu¥‹ž“s
‹™–ì@‹œ@iRyono Tooruj‹ž“sŽs@k¬ŽÐ‰ïŒ¤‹†‰ï
“n•ÓˆêŽ}iWATANABE ICHIEj“Œ‹ž“s’†–ì‹æ
“n•Ó‰xŽi@(WATANABE Etuji) ‘åã•{‰H‰g–ìŽs
“n•Ó—²ˆêiWATANABE Ryuichij@’·–ìŽs–L–ì
152–¼@(152 individuals)


‹¤“¯ƒpƒuƒRƒŽ^“¯’c‘Ì@Co-signed Organisations
•úŽË”\‚©‚çŽq‚Ç‚à‚ðŽç‚éŠâŽèŒ§“ìE‹{錧–k‚̉ï Association to Protect Children from Radiation in Iwate South and Miyagi North
•Ÿ“‡ƒoƒbƒWƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒgiFukushima Badge Project) (•Ÿ“‡Žs)
‹ž“s’EŒ´”­Œ´’c
’E”í‚΂­ŽÀŒ»ƒlƒbƒg@Citizens' Network for Evacuation from Radiation
—ò‰»ƒEƒ‰ƒ“”pâ‚݂Ȃƃlƒbƒgƒ[ƒN
•Ÿ“‡‰ž‰‡ƒvƒƒWƒFƒNƒgˆïé
Žs–¯‚ªˆç‚Ä‚éuƒ`ƒFƒ‹ƒmƒuƒCƒŠ–@“ú–{”Å(Chernobyl law Japan version)v‚̉ï
ˆã—Öâ‘茤‹†‰ï
‚m‚o‚n–@lŽg‚¢ŽÌ‚ÄŽž‘ã‚ðl‚¦‚é‰ï@iA group that warns the disposable culturej
“Œ“ú–{‘åkДð“ïŽÒ‚̉ï Thanks • DreamiƒTƒ“ƒhƒŠj: Association of the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Evacuees
“ûŽ••Û‘¶ƒlƒbƒgƒ[ƒN@Preserving Deciduous Teeth Network
@Email Address : pdmn311@gamil.com
݉p“ú–{l‚Ì”½Œ´”­ƒlƒbƒgƒ[ƒNuJAN (Japanese Against Nuclear) UKv
’EŒ´”­‚Ì“úŽÀsˆÏˆõ‰ïiNuclear-free Japanj
‹ž“sEŽs–¯•úŽË”\‘ª’èŠ
Œ´”­”…ž‘i×E‹ž“sŒ´’c‚ðŽx‰‡‚·‚é‰ï
‰ï’ÕúŽË”\î•ñƒZƒ“ƒ^[
Žq‚Ç‚à’E”í‚΂­Ù”»‚̉ï
‚È‚­‚¹Œ´”­I‰Í“à’·–ìƒfƒ‚
ŒÂl”í‚΂­ü—ÊŒvƒf[ƒ^—˜—p‚ÌŒŸØ‚ÆŽs–¯¶ŠˆŠÂ‹«‚ðl‚¦‚鋦‹c‰ï
19’c‘Ì (19 organisations)

 

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